アブストラクト(56巻1号:神奈川歯学)

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title : 歯垢染色液色素を応用した新規歯周病治療法の基礎的解析
Subtitle : 神奈川歯科大学学会 第55回総会宿題報告
Authors : 吉田彩佳
Authors(kana) :
Organization : 神奈川歯科大学総合歯学教育学講座歯学教育学分野・准教授
Journal : 神奈川歯学
Volume : 56
Number : 1
Page : 55-58
Year/Month : 2021 / 6
Article : 報告
Publisher : 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract : 「1. 抗菌光線力学療法の現状」 ペニシリンが1928年に発見・応用されるようになってから1年以内に耐性菌が出現した. 抗菌薬は微生物感染症に対する化学療法の利点を維持するため, 慎重な使用が必須にも関わらず抗菌薬の誤った処方や過剰使用が起因となる多剤耐性微生物の蔓延を引き起こし, 近年の公衆衛生に対する最も憂慮すべき脅威のひとつである. 抗菌光線力学療法(antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; aPDT)は抗菌目的の治療法として20世紀初頭にすでに研究されていた. しかしながら最近まで抗生物質の台頭によりaPDTは感染症分野での発展に至らなかった. 一方, 一部の癌や加齢黄斑変性症の治療などPDTは現在日常的な臨床現場ですでに治療方法として使用されており, 日本でも癌治療に対する保険収載, 眼科治療におけるガイドラインの制定がなされている. 臨床現場でのPDTの有用な結果を築き上げてきたこと, また, 薬剤耐性(AMR)微生物の蔓延に伴う新たな抗菌療法の切実なニーズにより, aPDTは近年再び脚光を浴びている.
Practice : 歯科学
Keywords : 抗菌光線力学療法, 歯垢染色液, 青色光, Porphyromohas gingivalis

English

Title : Basic study of a new periodontal treatment using plaque disclosing solution dye
Subtitle :
Authors : Ayaka YOSHIDA
Authors(kana) :
Organization : Department of Dental Education Kanagawa Dental University
Journal : Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume : 56
Number : 1
Page : 55-58
Year/Month : 2021 / 6
Article : Report
Publisher : Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract : [Abstract] In recent years, expectations for antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) have increased due to the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) microorganisms. Antibiotics, one of the antimicrobial therapies, have a specific point of action on the structure or metabolic pathway of microorganisms and show bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects. AMR microorganisms have acquired resistance to the point of action of antibiotics in order to nullify them. On the other hand, aPDT causes oxidative damage to the structure and/or metabolic pathway of microorganisms by photoexcitation of photosensitizers, and exhibits bactericidal activity. This action has no specific point of action, and aPDT-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) affect the structure and/or metabolic mechanism of microorganisms. Therefore, aPDT is attracting attention as a new strategy for antimicrobial therapy. In this study, we proposed the possibility of applying products used in clinical dentistry to this aPDT. We investigated the mechanism and bactericidal effect of aPDT on the periodontopathogenic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g) using blue light from a visible-light dental curing light and Rose Bengal (RB), a plaque disclosing solution. We confirmed that singlet oxygen, one of ROS, is generated by photoexcitation of RB with blue light. By irradiating RB-stained P.g with blue light, we confirmed carbonylation, which is one of the protein oxidative stress, and confirmed suppression of proliferative activity. These results suggest that the possibility of sterilization and this method may be a new treatment method for periodontal disease against AMR, which has become a problem in recent years.
Practice : Dentistry
Keywords : Porphyromohas gingivalis