アブストラクト(38巻1号:神奈川歯学)

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title : Porphyromonas gingivalisの病原性状に関する研究‐膿瘍形成株と非形成株の性状比較について‐
Subtitle :
Authors : 隼瀬純次, 浜田信城, 渡辺清子
Authors(kana) :
Organization : 神奈川歯科大学口腔細菌学教室
Journal : 神奈川歯学
Volume : 38
Number : 1
Page : 21-29
Year/Month : 2003 / 3
Article : 原著
Publisher : 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract : 嫌気性菌の培養法および同定技術の進歩に伴って, 歯周疾患の発症と進展におけるポケット内嫌気性細菌の重要性が明らかにされてきた. なかでも, Porphyomonas gingivalis(以下P. gingivalisと略す)は, 血液寒天培地上で黒色の集落を形成する口腔常在の偏性嫌気性グラム陰性桿菌であり1), 歯周炎病巣から高頻度かつ高率に分離される他, 本菌の増加と歯槽骨破壊の急激な進行との間に相関が認められることおよび歯周病に関わるいくつかの病原因子を有していることから最も重要な歯周炎の原因菌と考えられている2, 3). P. gingivalisは, 唾液成分4), 頬粘膜細胞5~7), 赤血球8), フィブロネクチンーコラーゲン複合物質9)および他の口腔細菌10)などに付着する性質を有している. また, 上皮組織や結合組織の細胞間基質を分解するコラゲナーゼ11)やトリプシン様酵素12), さらに免疫系細胞を活性化する内毒素や食細胞に対する抵抗因子となる莢膜13)などの病原性状に関わる因子を保有している.
Practice : 歯科学
Keywords : Porphyromonas gingivalis, 線毛, 細胞付着性, 歯槽骨吸収

English

Title : A Study on the Virulence Factors of Porphyromonas gingivalis Strains
Subtitle :
Authors : Junji HAYASE, Nobushiro HAMADA, Kiyoko WATANABE
Authors(kana) :
Organization : Department of Oral Microbiology, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal : Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume : 38
Number : 1
Page : 21-29
Year/Month : 2003 / 3
Article : Original article
Publisher : Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract : Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative, black-pigmented anaerobe associated with several periodontal diseases including adult periodontitis, generalized juvenile periodontitis, periodontal abscesses, and refractory periodontitis. This bacterium has most frequently been detected in deep periodontal pockets and has exhibited a low prevalence in healthy periodontal tissues without destructive inflammation. It has become clear that heterogeneity exists in terms of virulence among various P. gingivalis strains as assayed in experimental model systems. The capsulated cells such as W83 which induced phlegmonous abscess and/or the necrosis frequently associated with death in experimental animals, are called virulent or invasive strains and the noncapsulated cells such as 381 that induce pus formation and/or localized abscesses are classified into nonvirulent or noninvasive strains in animal models of subcutaneous infection. In this study, we have compared the virulence factors of W83 with those of 381. The collagenase activity of W83 was higher than that of 381. However, strain 381 was higher than W83 for trypsin-like enzyme activity, adherence to human fibroblast cells and resists phagocytosis by mice macrophage. Strain W83 showed less expression fimbriation on the cell surface, and the fimbriae antigenicity was different from 381 fimbriae. Moreover, we used a rat model to examine the role of the each fimbrial protein in alveolar bone loss by oral infection. The bone loss of rats infected with the 381 was higher than that of rats infected with W83. These results suggest that P. gingivalis fimbriae (FimA) play an important role in the colonization and appearance of periodontal disease.
Practice : Dentistry
Keywords : Porphyromonas gingivalis