アブストラクト（15巻3号：神奈川歯学）

神奈川歯学

Japanese

Title　： Non-secretor唾液斑の血液型検出に関する研究, とくに吸収試験ならびに混合凝集反応による連続判定について
Subtitle　： 原著
Authors　： 大谷進
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： 神奈川歯科大学法医学教室
Journal　： 神奈川歯学
Volume　： 15
Number　： 3
Page　： 394-409
Year/Month　： 1980 / 12
Article　： 原著
Publisher　： 神奈川歯科大学学会
Abstract　： 「I 緒言」 1925年白井は, ABO式血液型物質が血球のみならず, 唾液や精液などの体液中にも含まれていることを発見した. その後, 多くの研究者により追試確認されSchiff und Sasakiは, 唾液中に多量の血液型物質を分泌している個体をAusscheider(分泌型), 分泌していない個体をNicht-ausscheider(非分泌型または弱分泌型)と名づけ, Secretorがメンデルの優性形質で遺伝することを明らかにした. しかしながら, Secretor, Non-secretorは量的形質であり, Non-secretorでも少量の型物質が含まれ, 明確に区別することは困難な場合もみられる. 法医学領域における唾液(斑)は, 個人識別上血液型の検査項目として, 血痕に次ぎ最も重要な物体検査試料の1つである. これら生物材料からの血液型検査法は, 近年長足の進歩がみられ, いくつかの新しい知見が見出されている.
Practice　： 歯科学
Keywords　：

English

Title　： Blood group identification from non-secretor saliva stain, especially, by successive absorption test and mixed agglutination reaction test
Subtitle　：
Authors　： Susumu Ohtani
Authors（kana）　：
Organization　： Department of Forensic Medicine, Kanagawa Dental College
Journal　： Kanagawa Shigaku
Volume　： 15
Number　： 3
Page　： 394-409
Year/Month　： 1980 / 12
Article　： Original article
Publisher　： Kanagawa Odontological Society
Abstract　： [Abstract] : In general, the determination of ABO-type blood group from saliva stain has been mostly done by absorption test, and if the sample contained only a small amount of group substance (non-secretor), it was frequently difficult to make blood group determination from it. Considering, however, that the frequency of non-secretor is 22～30%, it signifies similar hitting rate to that of the determination of B-type of O-type. Therefore, the method has the value as such in individual identification. Further the determination of ABO-type blood group is one of the important methods of individual identification in medico-legal examinations. In this study, therefore, blood group determination was done by the mixed agglutination reaction utilizing the non-secretors' liquid and stains remaining after the absorption test showing positivity, that is, undeterminableness of ABO-type blood group, with results as follows : 1) An examination of blood group by the mixed agglutination reaction was made from the remaining liquid and remaining stains which had shown positivity in the absorption test with saliva stains lapsed of less than a month (121 cases). Whereas the blood group determination was possible in every case of the remaining stains, it was difficult in 2 cases of the remaining liquid. In the saliva stains lapsed of three years (20 cases), whereas blood group determination was possible in every case of the remaining stains, it was difficult in 5 cases of the remaining liquid. 2) In the comparison between the quantity of group substance in saliva revealed by the inhibition test and the mixed agglutination reaction from saliva stain, whereas the existence of blood group substance was observed by the agglutination inhibition test where inhibition titer was 1 or less, it was observed by the mixed agglutination reaction where dilution was 10～1280 times. 3) In the absorption test of saliva stains, the existence of unabsorbed antigen and antibody was observed in the cases of absorbing durations 2 hours at 37℃, 2 hours at the room temperature and 10 days at 5℃. 4) This method will be a useful means of medico-legal examination because of its capacity of simultaneous discrimination of non-secretor and secretor and identification of ABO-type blood group from the same material.
Practice　： Dentistry
Keywords　：